The Executive Summary of the Library Investigation Sheds New Light on the Issue

The city council’s “Executive Summary” of the investigative report on the Newburyport Public Library has drawn quick reactions both in print and in conversation around town. A few folks seem determined to discredit the report with claims that are plainly false, or which verge on a condition akin to Catch-22.

For example, they object that the NPL director, who resigned after less than a year in office, was ignored — a complaint made by Mayor Sean Reardon as soon as the summary was released.

Fact: She was invited but declined to be interviewed or to answer questions via phone or email. Does anyone honestly think that by refusing to answer questions, someone at the center of a controversy can render any investigation of it “invalid” or “inconclusive”?

Also, detractors of the report complain that it included just 11 interviews, and that it is skewed because the volunteers dominated the interviews.

Fact: The mayor’s replacement for the director who resigned, and the long-time director who preceded her, were among the 11 interviewees. As were the mayor and two of his staff, plus two ranking members of the NPL staff and one “Labor Counsel,” as she is labelled in the report.

That’s eight of the 11 who either sided with staffers or were, at best, neutral, leaving the archivist who was forced out, a historian who frequented the Archival Center, and exactly one volunteer.

Furthermore, the investigator exchanged emails with numerous staffers and volunteers. When she asked the staffers for evidence, they submitted emails they received from volunteers that merely asked questions or requested information.  Then, according to the report, they called the requests repetitive, leaving out the fact that they didn’t answer the initial questions or requests—hence, the repetition.

Critics also object that the volunteers were “eager” to talk and had a lot to say while the staffers were reticent. Well, yes, it was the volunteers who sought the investigation to clear their names while the mayor and his top officers called it unnecessary.

Something topsy-turvy about this last objection:  Where I come from, a willingness to answer questions indicates people who want to reveal the truth. Reluctance to do so is indicative of those who would rather it stay hidden.

Some, including the mayor, object to the $12,000 allocated for the investigation of defamation of character by city employees.  There’s no bottom-line answer for a question that begs a counter-question: Just what is the price tag you put on your reputation?

Some staffers sent the investigator links of letters to the editor and op-ed columns that supported the volunteers and the Archival Center without any criticism of NPL staff.  In a long paragraph soon after the timeline, you can almost hear the investigator’s amazement at having to explain that praise of someone does not constitute disrespect of someone else.

To be fair to those quick to discredit the report—and in at least one case to turn it into a finding against the volunteers—they haven’t seen the full document. Without such a foundation, any house is a house of cards. Moreover, their complaints suggest that the report ignores what actually transpired that led to the volunteers being dismissed. Not only is that not true, but it distorts the original intent of the investigation.

An outside, independent investigator was assigned to determine how the dispute in the library was handled by City Hall. The 20+ page, small-font report—especially items 30 to 49 in the timeline—makes very clear reasons for the blame placed on the mayor, his former chief-of-staff, and the director of human resources.

Most comprehensively, it illustrates how City Hall’s “failure,” as it says in the conclusion, has allowed this “to drag out, in the arena of public opinion, at the expense of all involved, including the library staff…”

That last phrase may be surprising. May sound impossible. But if you cannot believe that the staffers themselves were harmed by the “action and inaction” of City Hall, you may want to go directly to item 34 in the timeline.

To do that, you need the full report.  And given the lesson of discussing the report with those who have read just a summary, I’m ready and willing to send it to anyone who asks. If you would like to read the full 20+ page report, please email me at: hammlynn@gmail.com.

Jack Garvey
Newbury resident

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Comments

6 responses to “The Executive Summary of the Library Investigation Sheds New Light on the Issue”

  1. Walt Thompson Avatar
    Walt Thompson

    Well written, Jack.

    Immature control, power and impulse problems surfaced like a bagel with no center, just a void where integrity should be.

  2. Charlie D Avatar
    Charlie D

    I read the full report. It contained details about individual actions that I did not know, but that were consistent with my sense of what happened.

    I’m concerned that we may be losing sight of the conclusion that the volunteers were unjustly defamed. I’m also concerned that other large, contributing issues in this situation may be obscured, like the changed value of public libraries, the influence of public sector unions and the role of the local newspaper.

    Here, I’ve argued that public libraries have become community centers with books with their information functions (content curation, reference, inter-library loan and circulation) replaced by digital technology.

    Nostalgia for this beloved institution as well as entrenched bureacracies have worked to maintain funding levels which are increasingly unsustainable. In FY25, Newburyport spent almost $2 million in operating costs and employee benefits for our library. If we created a community center today for what we actually use, we’d never spend this much money to operate it.

    Regarding unions, there’s a significant body of work on the rise of public sector unions in the early 1960s and how they’re different from trade unions. A major criticism is that these unions work in their own interest instead of the public interest.

    I think we see evidence of this at our library and other city departments. At the library, the archive volunteer program was targeted after being in operation since 1983 (3 years after the archives were established). The union influence is also revealed in a Townie comment where a librarian from outside Newburyport weighed in on our sitation, saying “Unionized workers have rights and a right to stand up for themselves.”

    Lastly, we can’t overlook the role of the local newspaper. The Daily News stirred the pot for well over a year with a preponderance of articles and editorials that merely repeated unfounded claims and did little or nothing to bring new information or clarity to the situation.

    The paper’s article on the library report tries to shift the blame to the letter writers it baited through its coverage. From Investigator: Port library volunteers defamed by city officials (May 7): “A special investigator hired by the city to look into allegations of bullying and harassment in the public library’s archival center in 2023 recently determined volunteers who helped run it, as well as patrons, were “unfairly dismissed and defamed” in public, as well as in letters to the editor published by The Daily News.”

    1. B Jones Avatar
      B Jones

      Charlie, I’m not sure about your argument that libraries’ information functions have been replaced by digital technology, when you cite four services that libraries still offer (content curation, reference, inter-library loan and circulation). It seems that the role of libraries is being expanded, rather than anything being replaced.

      This is happening both on a programmatic level and an informal level, as non-library municipal services in many communities fail to provide needed services, leaving the library as the most trusted public-facing institution that citizens can turn to, and for a variety of services beyond traditional book-lending and archiving.

      The idea that the library is a “community center with books” is a frivolous one that undersells the true range of services that modern libraries provide. A library is a community center with books, archives, a job center, a social work office, co-working spaces and more. For all this, the price tag you cite seems low, not to mention that study after study finds that investments into libraries are typically returned in value to the community twofold to fivefold.

      Moreover, your criticism of public sector unions is a little shortsighted as well. When unions serve their workers’ interests, they are serving the public interest. There is no greater interest for the public than ensuring that its laborers are treated fairly and with respect. A municipality that fails to do this is unsustainable, and destined to fail. Asking public sector unions not to serve their own interests is a little bit naive, and really shows a misunderstanding of the labor economy in the first place.

      Overall, this comment seems to be somewhat of a personal grievance with the idea of a public institution doing its mission in actually serving the whole public, and not fulfilling one person’s small idea of what that institution should be.

  3. Charlie D Avatar
    Charlie D

    Hello B – when discussing libraries, I find that many people hold nostalgic, aspirational notions of them that do not match the facts on the ground. Interestingly, the majority of people I converse with admit to not using their libraries much — and if they do, it’s to access digital content from their personal devices.

    Digital technology has disintermediated the human staff that used to perform the information services I mentioned.

    * Content curation used to be done by librarians or small committees who would consult with local librarians or scholars to decide what materials to purchase. Patron input was also accepted for categories like popular fiction. Today, that function is mostly driven by publisher lists and recommendation engines. And there is no curation with digital services like OverDrive, Libby, Hoopla, Kanopy, Novelist and online databases.
    * Search engines and AI have made reference self-service.
    * ILL is also self-service. Newburyport patrons can request materials directly from the 36 libraries in the Merrimack Valley Library Consortium (MVLC) or the numerous other participating libraries in the MA Commonwealth Catalog.
    * Material checkout is self-service at the front desk of our library.

    With their role in the information space diminished, public libraries have tried for the past 15-20 years to remain viable by rebranding themselves as job centers or social service centers, and the “institution of last resort”. Ten years ago, I know job center services were apropos to large cities with low-income and non-english speaking populations. I haven’t followed up to know if those services are still needed as much in large cities. I seriously doubt anyone goes to the Newburyport Public Library to seek assistance with job search. The notion of being social service providers was always questionable. Libraries did find a niche in providing introductory tech support to older patrons who were unfamiliar with computers, but those needs diminish with each passing year.

    The retail service “Library of Things” was another attempt at viability, and never seemed to take hold. No surprise when you look at the products offered. The digital products are obsolete or the price has dropped so low (e.g. bluetooth speaker), that people acquire them rather than go to the library to borrow. Same for the inexpensive children’s products like card games or yard games.

    The studies you cite about library return on investment emerged as part of the viability effort and are produced by the library ecosystem.

    NOTE: The library ecosystem is comprised of nearly 125,000 public, academic and school libraries in the US. It includes countless library schools, library associations, industry journals and publishers. In Massachusetts, there are 9 library consortia and the Massachusetts Board of Library Commissioners (MBLC). All these entities depend on libraries for their existence and they have done much over the past 15-20 years to preserve funding.

    ~~~~~~~~~

    Please understand, I love libraries. They were a special place in my childhood and I have spent decades in them as patron, college library employee, public library volunteer and board member.

    The tone you’ve interpreted as grievance is a combination of grief and anguish, tempered over time. It’s difficult to see the institution that was once rightfully called “the people’s university” cling to that mantle while retreating to frivolous pursuits like lending baking pans, promoting virtual craft classes and championing activities like rubber duck decorating. Or to see staff who used to be guides to scarce information resources behind a counter, underemployed, while adults in our library use self-service amenities like reading the paper in the front room, working on the community puzzle and using the computers/printers on the second floor, or working remotely in carrels on the upper floors. It’s difficult to see the magnificent teen space in the former Tracey mansion chronically empty.

    Over the decades in libraries across the country, I’ve learned that there truly is a season for everything. I believe it is time for us to let go of the sentimental perceptions we have of our public libraries, or the broad notions arising from the library ecosystem. I know it’s hard.

    Only then can we rightfully pay tribute to their heritage, and re-imagine and appropriately invest in a public institution that will best meet our needs in the years to come.

    1. B Jones Avatar
      B Jones

      Charlie, while you claim to spend a lot of time in libraries, I’m guessing you probably spend very little of it talking to librarians. Content curation is 100% still a function of their jobs, even with digital resources – librarians are still deciding what to purchase on Libby and Overdrive, and still using their expertise to do so. (For Hoopla, this is not the case, it should be noted).

      Meanwhile, while self-service is an option for all the programs you noted, so is talking to a librarian and receiving that assistance full service. It’s truly baffling to me, as someone who spends a lot of time talking to librarians and receiving such assistance, that you would think it’s not available to you. The emergence of digital tools has not impeded in any way the ability of librarians to provide content curation, reference assistance or other services in person – it’s likely only enhanced it. My only guess is that for some reason you are avoiding seeking out direct librarian assistance, and that cannot be helped from the institutional side.

      Furthermore, if you think that the Newburyport Public Library is not providing job assistance to anyone, I don’t really know what to say to you. It is a pretty core aspect of what libraries do, and I guarantee assistance is being provided to job seekers in one way or another pretty much daily. As for tech support, I haven’t been to Newburyport for this specific service, but I have been to other libraries in the area for it, and I can guarantee the demand is as high as ever.

      And the library of things – this service does vary in impact from community to community. It may be right that Newburyport, as a wealthier community, does not see as much need for it, but more likely it’s just about finding the right mix of items. I recently visited the library in the town I grew up in (similar demographically to Newburyport), which has an incredibly robust library of things. It is very well-used and loved by the community. Similar to books, the items within often have the potential to allow borrowers to learn new things and explore the world around them. Also similar to books, the items can sometimes be purely diversionary – as good a use as any.

      As for the studies I cite, since I didn’t mention any individual studies, I’m not sure how you could claim they emerge solely from the library ecosystem. You might want to try talking to a reference librarian (yes, they *will* help you in person) for advice on how to conduct comprehensive research. While it is true that library associations will conduct research on this subject (it wouldn’t make sense for them not to), that research is done with care and objectivity. Moreover, the massive return on library investment has been found by a wide range of research outfits, from the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago to the Florida Department of State.

      That you think lending a baking pan or conducting a craft course is a frivolous pursuit is probably all I need to know here – you have a fundamentally privileged view of what you think a library is and who it should serve – so I don’t know why I waste my time arguing. All I’ll really urge you to do is to go to the library next time and ask a librarian to do any of the things you think are disappearing. I’m betting that you will find that all of the offerings you think are replacements are really just additions, and generally speaking, ones that serve the information and learning needs of the population.

  4. Charlie D Avatar
    Charlie D

    Hi B – so glad you replied, for it has prompted me to think about ways I can update my information.

    Yes, I’ve asked our library staff for help beginning when the library re-opened after the pandemic and as recently as two weeks ago. It is consistently anemic. I also visit public libraries in neighboring towns and staff are much more welcoming and engaging. I had planned on using those other libraries more often, even before our dialogue. I travel less than I used to, so my direct exposure to public libraries across the country is more limited than it used to be.

    I still speak with librarians about the industry, though admittedly they are older librarians who trained and did a lot of work within the “people’s university” framework and less so in the expanded social service framework. I think it would be good for me to seek out relationships with some librarians whose careers are more ahead of them than behind them.

    Thanks for the pointers to research. I found the Fed Chicago paper from 2021, https://doi.org/10.21033/wp-2021-06 and will take a close look over the weekend. The reports I found from Florida Dept of State are 2013, 2014 and 2015. If you found them valuable, they’ll probably be a good resource on methodology. These reports will be a gateway into other studies and I’ll engage them with an open mind.

    I can also get more first-hand knowledge of how the role of the library may differ based on demographic. I hope my earlier comment about the efficacy of job search service in different environments conveyed an appreciation for it. I’ve visited the library in Haverhill, MA which has a much different demographic than Newburyport. My initial impression was that the comparison with Newburyport was “day and night” – though I didn’t try to investigate further. I realized I have connections that will enable me to do that, beyond my own experience. It will be good to explore.

    Lastly, I’m hard pressed to think my belief that Newburyport Public Library does not deliver the value for the amount we pay for it – given our demographic and the many other public and private resources we have. But you never know. And, whatever I learn through the personal inquiries I outlined above may provide ideas and strategies for increasing the value it provides.

    Thanks again for the conversation,
    Charlie

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